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died in the same city around 305 CE. She was an Egyptian Christian saint, virgin and martyr of the early 4th Century who was known by her great intelligence and who was considered to be among the greatest philosophers, scholars and poets of that time. She was a pagan but then she converted to Christianity. The Roman Emperor Maximinus gave the order of torturing and killing her on the breaking wheel, but she had to be beheaded after, according to the legend, the wheel broke the moment she touched it. The wheel is now a symbol that is often behind her on her images. Her devoutness has been widely spread throughout Europe and her feast is celebrated on November 25th. The Catholic Church includes her among its list of the Fourteen Holy Helpers. Based on the story of her life, as it is described in a diary that was found, in 2009, Pinewood Studios began the production of “Katherine of Alexandria”, a featured-length movie that will tell the story of the Saint.

Saint Dorothea of Alexandria:
Saint Dorothea of Alexandria died in Alexandria, Egypt, around the year 320 CE. Although not being part of the Roman Martyrology, she was an Egyptian woman who was considered and venerated as a virgin martyr due to the story of her life: she was beheaded by order of the Emperor Maximinus after having rejected his romantic propositions because of her Christian beliefs and her commitment to virginity. Though not being an official date, her feast is sometimes celebrated on February 6 since that’s the official date of Saint Dorothea of Caesarea’s feast, with whom she used to be confused.

Pope Demetrius of Alexandria:
He was born in Alexandria, Egypt, on the 2nd Century and died in the year 232. Known as “the first Alexandrian bishop of whom anything is known”, he was the Patriarch of Alexandria between the years 189 and 232, occupying that position for forty three years, which constituted the longest episcopacy until that moment. He was preceded by Julian and succeeded by Heraclas.

Mary of Egypt:
She was born in Egypt in the year 344 CE and died in the Trans-Jordan dessert, Palestine, in 421 CE. Known as Saint Mary of Egypt and as Maria Aegyptica, she was considered by many as the patron saint of penitents, specially by the Eastern Orthodox, the Oriental Orthodox, the Eastern Catholic, the Roman Catholic and the Anglican churches. Her story is known today because her biography was written by St. Sophronius, Patriarch of Jerusalem between the years 634 and 638; she was considered a prostitute by many, but the sexual favors that she used to do were only consequence of her nature, since she described herself as “driven by an insatiable desire and an irrepressible passion”. One day, when she tried to enter to a church she felt a force that kept her from going in, so she realized that she was impure, she converted, and she decided to live as an ascetic, and later went to the dessert to live as an hermit, taking with her only three pieces of bread. The Temple of Portunus in Rome, Italy, was preserved by being rededicated to Saint Mary of Egypt in the year 872. According to the Roman Catholic Church, her feast is on April 3.

Pharaoh Amenemope:
Usermaatra Setepenamon Amenemopet was an Egyptian Pharaoh of the 21st Dynasty who reigned from the year 1001 BC to 992 BC. His father and predecessor was Psusennes I, and his mother was Queen Mutnodjemet. His name means “Amun in the Opet Feast”. The French Egyptologist Pierre Montet discovered both Psusennes I’s and Amenemope’s intact tombs in 1940 and he had to stop his excavations until 1946 due to World War II. In the tombs Montet found many treasures, jewelry, gold funerary masks, coffins and more. Amenemope’s funerary mask is in the Cairo Museum.

Ibrahim Nagi:
He was born in 1898 and died in 1953. Known as “AI Atlal Poet”, he was an Egyptian innovative poet and physician whose poems were transformed into songs that were sang by famous Egyptian singers like Mohamed Abdel Wahab and Om Kalthoom. Some of Nagi’s most famous poems are “Egypt”, “Autumn” and “AI Atlal” (or “The Ruins”), which has been considered by critics as one of the best twenty love poems in the history of Arabic poetry. He was a member of the Apollo Society, which was a literary group led by Ahmed Shawqi. He was a co founder of the Cairo Society for Romantic Poetry. The Egyptian author Abbas Mahmoud AI Aqqad described him as "the poet of sensitive emotions" and the Egyptian writer Taha Hussein said "He successes in the choice of words, meanings and techniques. He introduced new meanings that can be said to be magnificent. He is a glorious poet to whom the soul is habituated, the heart is inclined. His readers, sometimes, find him friendly and are entertained by listening to his poems".

Taha Hussein:
He was born in the village of Izbet el Kilo in the AI-Minya province, Upper Egypt, in 1889 and died in 1973. He was a very important Egyptian author and philosopher, a great figure of the contemporary Arabic literature and a pioneer of the Enlightenment who is considered one of the most influential and relevant Egyptian writers and intellectuals of the 20th Century. He was a figurehead of the modernist movement in Egypt. He was blinded at the age of three and still, after many problems, he managed to study in some of the best universities such as the Sorbonne in Paris, and received honorary doctorates from universities of Oxford, Rome and Madrid. He was a professor of history at the Egyptian University. In 1950 he became the Minister of Education of Egypt and he worked under the motto “Education is like water we drink and the air we breathe”, leading to a great development of education in his country. He received the highest Egyptian decoration from the country’s president Gamal Abd AI-Nasser and, in 1973, he received the United Nations Human Rights Award.

Ahmed Shawqi:
He was born in 1868 and died in 1932. He was a very important Egyptian poet, playwright, author, translator and Hispanist whose poetry is widely considered as the most prominent of Egypt in the 20th Century. As the pioneer of the modern Egyptian literary movement, he was recognized as one of the finest and most influential poets and dramatists in Arabic language. He was influenced by French plays of playwrights like Molière and Racine. He was exiled in Spain for several years in which he wrote nostalgic and patriot poems about his country, Egypt, and about the Arab world in general. After his exile, when he returned to his country, he wrote religious poems and his plays evidenced a more mature poetry. He was the first playwright to produce poetic plays in Arabic literature; he wrote five tragedies and two comedies. His most famous play was “The death of Cleopatra”. Apart from poetry and plays, he also wrote various great novels like “The last pharaoh”. “The states of Arabs and the great men of Islam” was a long poem written by him that talked about the history of Islam. In 1927, a group of poets recognized his great work in poetry and gave him the title of the “Prince of Poets”. There’s a monument of Ahmed Shawqi in the Villa Borghese Gardens in Rome, Italy. A way to remember this great poet in his country is through a lecture series about his poetry that takes place every month at the Sawy Culturewheel in Egypt.

Salama Moussa:
He was born in Zagazig, Egypt, in 1887 and died in Cairo, Egypt, in 1958. He was a significant and influential Egyptian journalist, thinker, author and intellectual who founded Egypt’s Socialist Party in 1920. He also founded a journal called al-Majalla al-Jadida (The new magazine), which was a forum for radical critiques. He was influenced by important figures of the Fabian Society such as G.H. Wells and George Bernard Shaw. He was involved and interested in different social, scientific and cultural subjects such as the theory of evolution, the social democracy and the scientific spirit. He believed that the human intellect was a guarantee of prosperity and progress. Along with other intellectuals, he wanted to simplify the Arabic language and its grammar, and to recognize the Egyptian Arabic as the modern Egyptian language. One of his best known works is “Man at the top of evolution”.

Louis Awad:
He was born in the village of Sharuna in the district of el-Minya, Egypt, in 1915 and died in 1990. He was an Egyptian scholar, writer, intellectual and essayist who, along with other writers, drew from Marxism and advocated for a radical reform of the Egyptian society. He was the chairman of the Faculty of Letters of the Cairo University. He was a faculty adviser at the Journal of the American Research Center in Egypt. He was one of the leading opinion makers in the Arab world. He introduced free verse forms to Egyptian literature.

Ehsan Hatem:
Ehsan Hatem El-Kirdany was born in Alexandria, Egypt, in 1986. She’s an Egyptian model and beauty queen who won the Pantene Miss Egypt 2007 pageant and who represented her country in the Miss Universe 2007 pageant in Mexico City, Mexico. She’s also a painter and she works as a freelance English teacher. When she participated in the Miss Universe 2007 pageant she was among the top ten for Best Evening Gown and for Most Photogenic, according to the choices of GlobalBeauties.com .. She made important contributions and developments in science (astronomy, geometry and algebra); she invented the hydrometer, created the charting of celestial bodies and improved the design of previous astrolabes, among other things. She was the daughter and student of Theon, the last known mathematician associated with the Museum of Alexandria. She was killed was killed by Christians when she was still young; she was a pagan who became famous as a martyr of science and as a symbol of the end of classical thinking due to the advances of Christianity. The following is a description of Hypatia written by the Christian historiographer Socrates Scholasticus in his “Ecclesiastical history”:



“There was a woman at Alexandria named Hypatia, daughter of the philosopher Theon, who made such attainments in literature and science, as to far surpass all the philosophers of her own time. Having succeeded to the school of Plato and Plotinus, she explained the principles of philosophy to her auditors, many of whom came from a distance to receive her instructions. On account of the self-possession and ease of manner, which she had acquired in consequence of the cultivation of her mind, she not unfrequently appeared in public in presence of the magistrates. Neither did she feel abashed in going to an assembly of men. For all men on account of her extraordinary dignity and virtue admired her the more.”



Pope Abraham of Alexandria:
"He whose Church we are building does not need the money of this world and is capable of helping us until we finish the job."


Also known as Abraham the Syrian, he was a Syrian-born Egyptian Pope of the Coptic Orthodox Church in the 10th century who is considered a saint by the Coptic Orthodox Church. He was the 62nd Pope of the Coptic Church and occupied this position between the years 975 CE and 978 CE. The Patriarch of Alexandria was famous for his goodness and love for the poor, and he donated a lot of resources to other people who needed them.



Saint Amun:
He was born in Mariotis, Egypt, in the year 294 and died in Scetes, Egypt, in 357. Called as the ancient Egyptian god Amun, he was an Egyptian saint and hermit, and one of the most venerated ascetics of the Nitrian Desert. Although there is no way of verifying it, it is believed that he was the first hermit to have a monastery at Nitrita, which was called Kellia. The Eastern Orthodox, Byzantine Catholic and Roman Catholic Churches celebrate his feast on October 4, and the Coptic Orthodox Church celebrates it on 20 Pashons.



Saint Catherine of Alexandria:
"His beauty was more radiant than the shining of the sun, His wisdom governed all creation, His riches were spread throughout all the world." (Saint Catherine of Alexandria speaking about Christ after having discovered Him and decided that she wouldn’t marry anyone else since she had promised that she would only marry someone who surpassed her in beauty, intelligence, wealth and social status).

Also known as Saint Catherine of the Wheel and as The Great Martyr Saint Catherine, she was born in Alexandria, Egypt, around the year 282 CE and died in the same city around 305 CE. She was an Egyptian Christian saint, virgin and martyr of the early 4th Century who was known by her great intelligence and who was considered to be among the greatest philosophers, scholars and poets of that time. She was a pagan but then she converted to Christianity. The Roman Emperor Maximinus gave the order of torturing and killing her on the breaking wheel, but she had to be beheaded after, according to the legend, the wheel broke the moment she touched it. The wheel is now a symbol that is often behind her on her images. Her devoutness has been widely spread throughout Europe and her feast is celebrated on November 25th. The Catholic Church includes her among its list of the Fourteen Holy Helpers. Based on the story of her life, as it is described in a diary that was found, in 2009, Pinewood Studios began the production of “Katherine of Alexandria”, a featured-length movie that will tell the story of the Saint.



Saint Dorothea of Alexandria:
Saint Dorothea of Alexandria died in Alexandria, Egypt, around the year 320 CE. Although not being part of the Roman Martyrology, she was an Egyptian woman who was considered and venerated as a virgin martyr due to the story of her life: she was beheaded by order of the Emperor Maximinus after having rejected his romantic propositions because of her Christian beliefs and her commitment to virginity. Though not being an official date, her feast is sometimes celebrated on February 6 since that’s the official date of Saint Dorothea of Caesarea’s feast, with whom she used to be confused.



Pope Demetrius of Alexandria:
He was born in Alexandria, Egypt, on the 2nd Century and died in the year 232. Known as “the first Alexandrian bishop of whom anything is known”, he was the Patriarch of Alexandria between the years 189 and 232, occupying that position for forty three years, which constituted the longest episcopacy until that moment. He was preceded by Julian and succeeded by Heraclas.



Mary of Egypt:
She was born in Egypt in the year 344 CE and died in the Trans-Jordan dessert, Palestine, in 421 CE. Known as Saint Mary of Egypt and as Maria Aegyptica, she was considered by many as the patron saint of penitents, specially by the Eastern Orthodox, the Oriental Orthodox, the Eastern Catholic, the Roman Catholic and the Anglican churches. Her story is known today because her biography was written by St. Sophronius, Patriarch of Jerusalem between the years 634 and 638; she was considered a prostitute by many, but the sexual favors that she used to do were only consequence of her nature, since she described herself as “driven by an insatiable desire and an irrepressible passion”. One day, when she tried to enter to a church she felt a force that kept her from going in, so she realized that she was impure, she converted, and she decided to live as an ascetic, and later went to the dessert to live as an hermit, taking with her only three pieces of bread. The Temple of Portunus in Rome, Italy, was preserved by being rededicated to Saint Mary of Egypt in the year 872. According to the Roman Catholic Church, her feast is on April 3.



Pharaoh Amenemope:
Usermaatra Setepenamon Amenemopet was an Egyptian Pharaoh of the 21st Dynasty who reigned from the year 1001 BC to 992 BC. His father and predecessor was Psusennes I, and his mother was Queen Mutnodjemet. His name means “Amun in the Opet Feast”. The French Egyptologist Pierre Montet discovered both Psusennes I’s and Amenemope’s intact tombs in 1940 and he had to stop his excavations until 1946 due to World War II. In the tombs Montet found many treasures, jewelry, gold funerary masks, coffins and more. Amenemope’s funerary mask is in the Cairo Museum.



Ibrahim Nagi:
He was born in 1898 and died in 1953. Known as “AI Atlal Poet”, he was an Egyptian innovative poet and physician whose poems were transformed into songs that were sang by famous Egyptian singers like Mohamed Abdel Wahab and Om Kalthoom. Some of Nagi’s most famous poems are “Egypt”, “Autumn” and “AI Atlal” (or “The Ruins”), which has been considered by critics as one of the best twenty love poems in the history of Arabic poetry. He was a member of the Apollo Society, which was a literary group led by Ahmed Shawqi. He was a co founder of the Cairo Society for Romantic Poetry. The Egyptian author Abbas Mahmoud AI Aqqad described him as "the poet of sensitive emotions" and the Egyptian writer Taha Hussein said "He successes in the choice of words, meanings and techniques. He introduced new meanings that can be said to be magnificent. He is a glorious poet to whom the soul is habituated, the heart is inclined. His readers, sometimes, find him friendly and are entertained by listening to his poems".



Taha Hussein:
He was born in the village of Izbet el Kilo in the AI-Minya province, Upper Egypt, in 1889 and died in 1973. He was a very important Egyptian author and philosopher, a great figure of the contemporary Arabic literature and a pioneer of the Enlightenment who is considered one of the most influential and relevant Egyptian writers and intellectuals of the 20th Century. He was a figurehead of the modernist movement in Egypt. He was blinded at the age of three and still, after many problems, he managed to study in some of the best universities such as the Sorbonne in Paris, and received honorary doctorates from universities of Oxford, Rome and Madrid. He was a professor of history at the Egyptian University. In 1950 he became the Minister of Education of Egypt and he worked under the motto “Education is like water we drink and the air we breathe”, leading to a great development of education in his country. He received the highest Egyptian decoration from the country’s president Gamal Abd AI-Nasser and, in 1973, he received the United Nations Human Rights Award.



Ahmed Shawqi:
He was born in 1868 and died in 1932. He was a very important Egyptian poet, playwright, author, translator and Hispanist whose poetry is widely considered as the most prominent of Egypt in the 20th Century. As the pioneer of the modern Egyptian literary movement, he was recognized as one of the finest and most influential poets and dramatists in Arabic language. He was influenced by French plays of playwrights like Molière and Racine. He was exiled in Spain for several years in which he wrote nostalgic and patriot poems about his country, Egypt, and about the Arab world in general. After his exile, when he returned to his country, he wrote religious poems and his plays evidenced a more mature poetry. He was the first playwright to produce poetic plays in Arabic literature; he wrote five tragedies and two comedies. His most famous play was “The death of Cleopatra”. Apart from poetry and plays, he also wrote various great novels like “The last pharaoh”. “The states of Arabs and the great men of Islam” was a long poem written by him that talked about the history of Islam. In 1927, a group of poets recognized his great work in poetry and gave him the title of the “Prince of Poets”. There’s a monument of Ahmed Shawqi in the Villa Borghese Gardens in Rome, Italy. A way to remember this great poet in his country is through a lecture series about his poetry that takes place every month at the Sawy Culturewheel in Egypt.



Salama Moussa:
He was born in Zagazig, Egypt, in 1887 and died in Cairo, Egypt, in 1958. He was a significant and influential Egyptian journalist, thinker, author and intellectual who founded Egypt’s Socialist Party in 1920. He also founded a journal called al-Majalla al-Jadida (The new magazine), which was a forum for radical critiques. He was influenced by important figures of the Fabian Society such as G.H. Wells and George Bernard Shaw. He was involved and interested in different social, scientific and cultural subjects such as the theory of evolution, the social democracy and the scientific spirit. He believed that the human intellect was a guarantee of prosperity and progress. Along with other intellectuals, he wanted to simplify the Arabic language and its grammar, and to recognize the Egyptian Arabic as the modern Egyptian language. One of his best known works is “Man at the top of evolution”.



Louis Awad:
He was born in the village of Sharuna in the district of el-Minya, Egypt, in 1915 and died in 1990. He was an Egyptian scholar, writer, intellectual and essayist who, along with other writers, drew from Marxism and advocated for a radical reform of the Egyptian society. He was the chairman of the Faculty of Letters of the Cairo University. He was a faculty adviser at the Journal of the American Research Center in Egypt. He was one of the leading opinion makers in the Arab world. He introduced free verse forms to Egyptian literature.



Ehsan Hatem:
Ehsan Hatem El-Kirdany was born in Alexandria, Egypt, in 1986. She’s an Egyptian model and beauty queen who won the Pantene Miss Egypt 2007 pageant and who represented her country in the Miss Universe 2007 pageant in Mexico City, Mexico. She’s also a painter and she works as a freelance English teacher. When she participated in the Miss Universe 2007 pageant she was among the top ten for Best Evening Gown and for Most Photogenic, according to the choices of GlobalBeauties.com .

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